Wales has a distinctive and progressive policy and legal framework, in particular, the Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015, which requires the Welsh Government and its public services to put the well-being of current and future generations at the heart of their delivery.
At county level, the development of statutory multi-agency Public Services Boards provides some early opportunities to integrate well-being objectives.
Wales’ landscape is made up of upland and mountainous areas, lowlands, coastal areas and islands. It has wetter climate than much of the rest of the UK. Agricultural land makes up over 80% of the land in Wales, much of which is grassland pasture and designated as ‘Less Favoured Areas’ under European Union designation. Urban development in Wales concentrates around the south and north ‘corridors’, with a large, sparsely populated and poorly-connected central belt. Inequalities are writ large: from the vibrant City regions and university towns, the remote rural villages, to the post-industrial landscapes – Wales is still dealing with the lasting impacts of that history.